During the medieval period, many parts of North India and modern-day Pakistan were being ruled by various dynasties of ruling Hindu warrior class- Rajput. Following is the list of those ruling Rajput dynasties of the Indian subcontinent :
Janjua Rajput Hindu Shahi dynasty of Afghanistan and Punjab (964-1026 AD): This dynasty was ruling parts of Afghanistan and Punjab at the time of Turkic invasions. Jayapala was its first Rajput king who succeeded the last Brahmin king Bhimadeva.Its last king Bhimpala died in 1024.
Chauhan dynasty of Ajmer and Delhi: The Chauhans, ruled between 956 and 1192 AD, earlier over the eastern parts of the present day’s Rajasthan with their capital at Ajmer and later extended their territory up to parts of modern-day Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi . This Rajput dynasty was founded by Simharaj, who is famously known as the founder of the city of Ajmer . Prithviraj Chauhan was considered greatest of all Chauhan rulers. During his reign, the kingdom extended over Delhi, Ajmer , modern-day Rohilkhand, Kalinjar, Hansi, Kalpi, Mahoba etc. He conquered Bhatinda (in Punjab)from Ghaznavide ruler of Punjab and defeated Muhammad of Ghor in the first battle of Tarain. However, he was defeated in the second battle of Tarain, 1192.Successor states in modern times are that of mainpuri (etawah) and Bhaddaiyan Raj (sultanpur)
- Rana dynasty of Ambala and Nepal
- Sisodias of Mewar (Udaipur)
- Raghuwanshi Rajputs of Ayodhya Lord Shree Ram and Raja Harishchandra(Founder),Samthar,Barauli Rao
- Hadas of Bundi, Kota , Baran and Jhalawar, Rajasthan
- Patials / Bardhens of Himachal
- Kachwahas of Jaipur, Alwar and Maihar
- Rathores of Marwar (Jodhpur and Bikaner)
- Jadejas of Cutch, Nawanagar.
- Jethwas of Porbandar.
- Jahalas of Kathiawar - also called Makwanas.
- Chawdas of Gujarat.
- Vaghelas of Gujarat - a branch of Solankis.
- Gahlots of Chittorgarh and Bhavnagar.
- Chudasamas and Sarvaiyas of Kathiawar - a branch of Samma Rajputs of Sind.
- Bais Rajputs of Punjab, North India.
- Bhatis of Jaisalmer.
- Sengars of Bhareh(UP), Jalon(UP), Datia(MP)
- Dodiya of Sardargarh, Piploda, Mandwal and Junagarh Gujarat
- Shekhawats of Shekhawati
- Solanki dynasty: The Solankis established their rule over present day’s Indian state of Gujarat between 945 and 1297 AD. Their kingdom came into prominence during the reign of Mulraj. They ruled with their capital situated at Anhilwara.
- Paramara dynasty of Malwa
- Barad (Parmar) of Danta and Sudasana
- Parhar, Parihara, Pratihara, dynasty]] of Kannauj: Conquered Kannauj in 816 AD, which remained its capital for about a century, declined in the 10th century.
- Chandelas of Khajuraho: This Rajput dynasty was founded by Jayasakthi. They ruled the areas across Bundelkhand with Khajuraho as their capital. The dynasty came to an end after Alauddin Khalji conquered Bundelkhand.
- Gahadvalas of Kannauj: This Rajput dynasty ruled the kingdom of Kannauj for around a hundred years, beginning in the late 11th century.
- Chand dynasty of Kumaon: Ruled much of Uttarakhand.
- Katoch dynasty of Kangra: Ruled much of Himachal Pradesh and parts of Punjab.
- Bizelwans of Chamba, Himachal Pradesh
- Jariyals of Jammu and Kashmir
- Bundelas of Bundelkhand: Ruled Bundelkhand from the 16th century on wards.
- Tomaras of Delhi and Gwalior
- Tomar Pathanias of Nurpur: Ruled from the 11th century to 1849 over parts of northern Punjab and Himachal Pradesh.
- Kalchuris of central india:ruled central india for nearly 300 yars from the 10th century to the 12th century
- Birsen Dynasty (Bisen) of Majhauli
- Parmars of Garhwal, Uttarakhand
- Barhiyas of Barahiya, Bihar
- Ujjainiya (Ujjain,Ujjaini) of Bihar
- Dogra dynasty of Jammu and Kashmir
- Sodhas of Umerkot, Sindh
- Bhanj dynasty ruling Daspalla, Nilgiri, Bastar and Mayurbhanj.
Muzaffarid dynasty of Gujarat: Muslim Rajput dynasty that ruled parts of Gujarat.
Samma dynasty of Sindh: Muslim Rajput dynasty ruled Sindh and parts of Punjab and Balochistan from 1335-1520 AD, with their capital at Thatta in modern-day Pakistan before being replaced by the Arghun Dynasty.
Soomra dynasty of Sindh - founded by Maharana Khafif Soomro, Chandravansha Rajput clan which accepted Islam in 1050-1100 AD. Soomra Dynasty ruled over Sindh, Multan, and parts of Baluchistan for 350 years. Most famous of the kings were Sultan Asimuddin-e-Daula Dodo Soomro, Sultan Bahauddin-e-Daula Umar Soomro and Maharaja Bhoongar Soomro. The dynasty was taken over by Samma dynasty with same lineage as of the Soomras after killing the last Soomra King named Bahauddin Shahmeer Sultan Hameer Khan Soomro. Sultan Hameer's descendants—the custodians of Soomra dynasty are known as Mehr Soomras living in Layyah and Shahdadkot (Famous personalities: Prof. Dr. Mehr Abdul Haq Soomra, Mehr Fazal Hussain Soomra, Prof. Dr. Mehr Abdul Sattar Soomra, Mian Shah Muhammad Soomra) with their part of family migrated to Surat, Bujh and Katch where they are known as Nawabs of Jamnagar.
Ambala was given the status of a district in 1847, formed by the merging of the jagir estates of hitherto independent chieftains whose territories had lapsed or had been confiscated by the British Indian Government. In its 160 years of existence as a district, Ambala has witnessed many changes in its boundaries. Previously it extended across tehsils of Ambala, Saphera, Jagadhri, Pipli, Kharar, Mohali, Ropar and Nalagarh. Kalka-cum- Kurari State , Pinjore, Mani Majra, Kasauli & Sanawar were also merged into the district at different times.
